Acids and bases make a very important part of chemistry. An acid is a compound which gives H+ ions when dissolved in water whereas a base is a compound which gives OH- ions in water. When there is a reaction between the acid and base compounds, the end product is always neutral as the acid and base neutralize each others effect. So we can say that the chemical reaction between an acid and a base to give a neutralized product is known as an acid base reaction. That was a very general definition of an acid base reaction. In this Buzzle article we will discuss what is an acid base reaction and some of its examples.
Acid Base Reactions in Organic Chemistry
Before jumping to the acid base reactions we need to understand what exactly is an acid and a base. So let's see the equations and nature of acids and bases when they are mixed in water.
Acid
Acids, when dissolved in water dissociate and release H+ ions. The acidity can be measured with the help of the compound's pH values. If the pH value is less than 7, then the compound is said to be acidic and as the value falls below 7 the more acidic the compound is considered. The following equation will help you to understand the dissociation of an acid in an aqueous solution.
HCl(g) + H2O → H(aq)+ + Cl(aq)-
Base
Bases when dissolved in water will dissociate and release OH- ions. Like acids, bases can also be measured by their pH value. The compounds with a pH value above 7 are known as bases. The following equation will help you to know how the base gets dissociated in an aqueous solution.
NaOH(s) + H2O → Na(aq)+ + OH(aq)-
Acid and Base Reaction
By the above given acid and base equations we can understand their dissociation in water. Now let's move further with acid base reactions or neutralization reaction. Let's take the example of HCl and NaOH.
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
You can understand this reaction in the following two steps.
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → H(aq)+ + Cl(aq)- + Na(aq)+ + OH(aq)- → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
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